This study is aimed to explore the effectiveness of instruction according to Vygotsky's theory in the acquisition of Mathematical concept among grade two students in Basic education. In order to achieve this end, the following hypotheses are formulated: 1- There are no statistic significant differences at the level (as 0.05) between the average scores of controlled group students and that of their counterparts in the experimental group in acquiring addition concept. 2- There are no statistic significant differences at the level (as 0.05) between the average scores of controlled group students and that of their counterparts in the experimental group in acquiring subtraction concept. The sample was chosen purposefully from Al -Berik school students because the researcher is a teaching staff member in the school. The sample is consisted of (50 students) from grade two. The sample was chosen purposefully. The subjects were divided into two groups. The first group is the experimental group and it's consisted of 25 students and the second group is the controlled group which is also consisted of 25 students from the same school. In order to achieve the outcomes of this study, the researcher does a teachers' guide and a test according to Vygotsky's generative learning model. Then, after the test and the teacher guide were adjudicated for validity and reliability, the students were chosen before. Then, the students have already chosen after the implementation of the test. Then the researcher analyzes the result of the study using the arithmetic averages, standard deviations and t-test. She used them all in order to test the hypotheses. After analyzing the results, the researcher found that there was a difference between (as 0.05) and the arithmetic average. The result showed a difference between the marks of the experimental group that used Vygotsky's theory and the marks of the controlled group that used the old way in addition and subtraction concepts. According to the results, the researcher advised teachers to use Vygotsky theory through using new teaching techniques and encouraging students to work in groups and cooperate together to acquire new concepts in learning.